This report introduces the fundamental and applied basic research works in the metamaterial-based mechanical functional components. Firstly, a series of design methods for lightweight thin-walled plate/shell acoustic metamaterial structures are reported, and the low-frequency regulation theory of thin-plate structures on mechanical waves is established. Moreover, a series of performance enhancement methods for lightweight and subwavelength metamaterial structures in broadband low-frequency ranges are developed, and some methods to enhance low-frequency broadband performance through material-structure integration design and cross-scale synergetic design are proposed. In addition, the applications of sound insulation metamaterial components, sound absorption metamaterial components and vibration absorption metamaterial components in aircraft, automobiles and other equipment and products are systematically introduced.